Can I re-open my real estate office workplace?
Yes, unless there are stricter rules in your city and/or county that prevent you from re-opening. California currently is in “Stage 2” of its re-opening plan following Governor Newsom’s March 19, 2020 stay-at-home order. Because real estate is an “essential service,” real estate office workplaces can open as long as health and safety protocols are followed. The State’s guidelines for real estate office workplaces apply to every jurisdiction within California. Once again, your local city and/or county may have stricter guidelines. C.A.R. reminds you to adhere to any stricter requirements.
As described below, in order to re-open your office workplace, you must make modifications and establish policies to reduce the risk of COVID-19 infections and establish a safe environment for workers and the public. You should review California’s “COVID-19 Industry Guidance: Real Estate Transactions” and the related checklist: https://covid19.ca.gov/pdf/guidance-real-estate.pdf and https://covid19.ca.gov/pdf/checklist-real-estate.pdf
You should also refer to CAL/OSHA’s more comprehensive guidance on their webpage “CAL/OSHA Interim General Guidelines on Protecting Workers from COVID-19” at https://www.dir.ca.gov/dosh/coronavirus/General-Industry.html in addition to the CDC’s requirements for businesses and employers: https://www.cdc.gov/coronavirus/2019-ncov/community/guidance-business-response.html?CDC_AA_refVal=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.cdc.gov%2Fcoronavirus%2F2019-ncov%2Fspecific-groups%2Fguidance-business-response.html
There are additional State requirements for showing properties. Please refer to C.A.R.’s “FAQ: Industry Guidance on Showing Properties” and “Real Estate Best Practices Guidelines and Prevention Plan for Showings During COVID-19—Stage 2 Expansion.”
In light of all the health and safety requirements, should I re-open my office workplace right now?
Based on the numerous requirements for re-opening an office workplace, many real estate brokers may decide to continue using teleworking to the extent possible. Your decision on whether this is the “right” time to open your office workplace will likely depend on such factors as the physical layout of your office, the number of employees, your staff’s ability to telework, your company’s business needs, and available resources.
The State requirements described below will take a considerable amount of planning, time, and labor and will require continuing staff and financial resources. For example, you may need to make structural changes to your physical office, create and post various signs, arrange for more frequent cleaning, purchase protective equipment, face coverings, hand sanitizer and other supplies, and adjust employee work schedules to reduce the number of people in the office at the same time, among other things. You may also need to obtain information from your legal, financial and insurance advisors. Ultimately, you must use your best judgment regarding your company’s specific business needs and your ability to comply with the State Guidance, CAL/OSHA, and CDC requirements, along with any applicable local requirements.
If I decide to re-open my office workplace, do I have to allow all of my employees to return at the same time?
No, the State’s Guidelines include physical distancing guidelines for workplaces, and specifically state that employers, when feasible and necessary, should limit the number of employees in the office at one time. Employers can achieve this by having employees return to the office in phases, staggering daily work schedules or establishing alternating days for on-site work, and/or continuing the use of telework.
Can I take steps to protect employees who are considered to be more vulnerable to COVID-19 infection and serious complications from COVID-19?
Probably; however, the answer will depend on your company’s specific policy and the particular facts of your situation. You may wish to consult with an employment lawyer to make sure your policy is consistent with anti-discrimination and other laws. The State Guidelines recognize that some people have a higher risk of hospitalization and serious complications from COVID-19, including people aged 65 or older and those with serious underlying medical conditions, such as heart or lung disease or diabetes. The State Guidelines include a reminder to employers that additional requirements must be considered for vulnerable populations and therefore appear to encourage employers to take additional steps to protect vulnerable employees.
What are the required health and safety protocols for the office workplace?
For the office workplace, there are five main categories of requirements. To open the office workplace, you need to: 1) Establish a workplace specific plan; 2) Conduct employee training; 3) Implement individual control measures and screening; 4) Follow cleaning and disinfecting protocols; and 5) Implement measures to ensure physical distancing. Each of these five categories are described in more detail below.
Don’t I need a separate COVID-19 prevention plan for my agents who are showing properties?
Yes, in addition to the COVID-19 prevention plan for your office workplace, you will also need a COVID-19 prevention plan specifically for showing properties. C.A.R. has created the “Real Estate Best Practices Guidelines and Prevention Plan for Showings During COVID-19—Stage 2 Expansion,” which serves as the COVID-19 prevention plan for showing properties.
How do I create a COVID-19 prevention plan for the office workplace?
The State Guidelines require a written, workplace-specific COVID-19 prevention plan at every facility. Your written plan will include contact information for your local health department (for communicating information about COVID-19 outbreaks among employees) and the name of the designated person(s) in the office who is responsible for implementing the plan. You must perform a risk assessment of all work areas and make appropriate modifications. For example, you may need to move or remove some furniture in the lobby area and conference rooms so that people will remain 6 feet apart, you may need to post a sign by the elevator reminding people to wear face coverings in the elevator and not to ride the elevator together, you may need to allow some workers to telework or plan for staggered work hours to decrease the number of employees who are in the workplace at the same time, etc.
After you have created your initial written prevention plan for your workplace, you should regularly check your workplace to ensure it complies with the prevention plan. If you discover a deficiency, you should make appropriate corrections.
In order to help you, C.A.R. has created a Sample COVID-19 prevention plan for the real estate office workplace that you may use to fill out the above information. The Sample COVID-19 prevention plan can be accessed here.
What do I need to do if I discover a COVID-19 illness in the office workplace?
If there is a COVID-19 illness in the workplace, you (or the person responsible in your office) should: 1) Report the information to your local health department; 2) Investigate the COVID-19 illness and determine if any work-related factors could have contributed to the risk of infection; 3) Identify close contacts (within 6 feet for 15 minutes or more) of an infected employee and take steps to isolate COVID-19 positive employee(s) and close contacts; and 4) Update your prevention plan as needed to prevent further COVID-19 cases.
It is important to have appropriate processes in place to identify new cases of COVID-19 illness and, when an illness is identified, to intervene quickly and work with health authorities to stop spread of the virus.
What information should be included in employee and real estate licensee training on COVID-19 prevention?
The State Guidelines contain a list of the information that should be covered during employee and real estate licensee training. Also, remember to ensure that any temporary, contract, and all other workers at the facility are also properly trained in COVID-19 prevention policies and have necessary PPE. If you use another organization to supply workers (such as a temp agency), discuss these training responsibilities ahead of time with those organizations.
COVID-19 training should include:
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*** Real estate licensees should be provided with: 1) C.A.R.’s “Real Estate Best Practices Guidelines and Prevention Plan for Showings During COVID-19—Stage 2 Expansion; and 2) California’s “COVID-19 Industry Guidance: Real Estate Transactions” at: https://covid19.ca.gov/pdf/guidance-real-estate.pdf which contain information on showing properties, physical distancing, and other important topics.
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Information on COVID-19, how to prevent it from spreading, and which underlying health conditions may make some individuals more susceptible to contracting the virus.
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Providing information on how to conduct self-screening at home, including temperature and/or symptom checks using CDC guidelines.
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Advising on the importance of not coming to work if the employee or real estate licensee has a frequent cough, fever, difficulty breathing, chills, muscle pain, headache, sore throat, recent loss of taste or smell, or if they or someone they live with have been diagnosed with COVID-19.
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Advice to seek medical attention if their symptoms become severe, including persistent pain or pressure in the chest, confusion, or bluish lips or face. (Updates and further details are available on CDC’s webpage).
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Reminder about the importance of frequent handwashing with soap and water, including scrubbing with soap for 20 seconds (or using hand sanitizer with at least 60% ethanol or 70% isopropanol when the employee or real estate licensee cannot get to a sink or handwashing station, per CDC guidelines).
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Discussing the importance of physical distancing, both at work and off work time to reduce the risk of COVID-19 infections.
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Providing information about the proper use of face coverings, including:
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Face coverings do not protect the wearer and are not personal protective equipment (PPE).
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Face coverings can help protect people near the wearer, but do not replace the need for physical distancing and frequent handwashing.
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To help prevent infection, employees and real estate licensees should wash or sanitize hands before and after using or adjusting face coverings.
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To help prevent infection, employees and real estate licensees should avoid touching eyes, nose, and mouth.
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To help prevent infection, face coverings should be washed after each shift (or other regular, frequent interval).
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Discussing information on employer or government-sponsored leave benefits workers may be entitled to receive that would make it financially easier to stay at home, including employee’s sick leave rights under the Families First Coronavirus Response Act and rights to workers’ compensation benefits and presumption of the work-relatedness of COVID-19 pursuant to the Governor’s Executive Order N-62-20 (see more information below regarding this Executive Order).
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How should my office workplace implement individual control measures and screening for COVID-19? Do I need to provide temperature and/or symptom screening?
The State Guidelines instruct employers to provide temperature and/or symptom screenings for all employees before they begin work, in addition to any vendors, contractors, or other workers entering the office workplace. Furthermore, if such temperature/symptom screening is being performed at the office workplace, then both the screener and the person being screened should wear face coverings for the screening. As an alternative, the State Guidelines allow self-screening at home, and instruct that if the employer is “requiring self-screening at home, which is an appropriate alternative to providing it at the establishment, the employer should ensure that screening was performed prior to the worker leaving the home for their shift and follows CDC guidelines.”
Accordingly, employers may decide to conduct temperature screening or symptom screening at the office workplace prior to allowing entry (symptom screening would include asking questions regarding the presence of any COVID-19 symptoms such as whether the employee has a fever, frequent cough, difficulty breathing, chills, muscle pain, and other symptoms of COVID-19); and there is also the alternative of requiring self-screening to take place at home.
In addition to the above, in order to implement individual control measures and screening for COVID-19, employers should:
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Encourage workers who are sick or exhibiting symptoms of COVID-19 to stay home.
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Provide and ensure employees use all required protective equipment, including face coverings and gloves where necessary.
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Consider where disposable glove use may be helpful to supplement frequent handwashing or use of hand sanitizer; examples are for workers who are screening others for symptoms or handling commonly touched items.
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Strongly recommend face coverings when employees or real estate licensees are in the vicinity of others in the office workplace. Workers should have face coverings available and wear them when in shared work areas, such as offices and listed properties. Face coverings must not be shared. *See additional requirements for showing properties.
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Take reasonable measures to remind clients that they should use face coverings when viewing a property in person. *See additional requirements for showing properties.
What are the cleaning and disinfecting protocols for office workplaces?
The State Guidelines contain the below cleaning and disinfecting protocols. Your company should review these protocols and take the actions necessary and/or appropriate based on your company and its worksite(s):
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Perform thorough cleaning on high traffic areas of offices and other shared workspaces (lobbies, meeting rooms, break rooms, etc.) and areas of ingress and egress (handrails, stairways, elevator controls, etc.). Frequently disinfect commonly used surfaces in shared work areas like counters, light switches, door handles, etc.
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Avoid sharing phones, other work supplies, or office equipment wherever possible. Never share PPE.
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Where such items must be shared, disinfect with a cleaner appropriate for the surface between shifts or uses, whichever is more frequent, including the following: shared office equipment, such as copiers, fax machines, printers, telephones, keyboards, staplers, staple removers, letter openers, surfaces in reception areas, shared work stations, etc.
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Instruct employees to wipe down and disinfect equipment that passes between employees and customers, including clipboards and keys after each use.
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Equip workplace terminals and desks with proper sanitation products, including hand sanitizer and sanitizing wipes and provide personal hand sanitizers to all employees.
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Provide time for workers to implement cleaning practices at their workplaces during their shift. Cleaning assignments should be assigned during working hours as part of the employee’s job duties.
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Ensure that sanitary facilities stay operational and stocked at all times and provide additional soap, paper towels, and hand sanitizer when needed.
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Install and encourage the use of hands-free devices, if possible, including motion sensor lights and automatic soap and paper towel dispensers.
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When choosing cleaning chemicals, employers should use products approved for use against COVID-19 on the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA)-approved list and follow product instructions. Use disinfectants labeled to be effective against emerging viral pathogens, diluted household bleach solutions (5 tablespoons per gallon of water), or alcohol solutions with at least 70% alcohol that are appropriate for the surface. Provide employees training on manufacturer’s directions and Cal/OSHA requirements for safe use. Workers using cleaners or disinfectants should wear gloves as required by the product instructions.
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Require employees to clean and disinfect personal work areas often and supply the necessary cleaning products.
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Modify hours if necessary, to ensure regular, thorough cleaning of office spaces.
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Consider installing portable high-efficiency air cleaners, upgrading the building’s air filters to the highest efficiency possible, and making other modifications to increase the quantity of outside air and ventilation in offices and other spaces.
What are the physical distancing guidelines for workplaces?
The State Guidelines provide information and suggestions on how to implement physical distancing in an office workplace. Your company should review these, and take the actions necessary and/or appropriate based on your company and its worksite(s):
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Implement measures to ensure physical distancing of at least six feet between employees, real estate licensees, and customers. This can include use of physical partitions or visual cues (e.g., floor markings or signs to indicate where persons should stand).
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Utilize work practices, when feasible and necessary, to limit the number of employees and real estate licensees at the office at one time. This may include scheduling (e.g., staggering start/end times), establishing alternating days for on-site reporting, returning to the office workspace in phases, or continued use of telework when feasible.
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Redesign office spaces, cubicles, etc. and decrease the capacity for conference and meeting rooms to ensure workspaces allow for six feet between employees, real estate licensees or others.
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Designate separate routes for entry and exit into office spaces to help maintain social distancing and lessen the instances of people closely passing each other, if possible. Establish directional hallways and passageways for foot traffic, if possible, to eliminate persons from passing by one another.
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Close or restrict areas, using barriers, or ensure physical distancing by separating tables/chairs in common areas where people are likely to congregate and interact, such as kitchenettes and break rooms. Discourage employees, real estate licensees and others from congregating in high traffic areas such as bathrooms and hallways. Limit the number of individuals riding in an elevator and ensure the use of face coverings.
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Close self-service coffee, water, and snack areas. Provide individual water bottles if there is no other suitable potable water source.
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Consider offering workers modified duties options that minimize their contact with customers and others (e.g., managing inventory rather than working as a cashier or managing administrative needs through telework).
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Stagger employee breaks, within compliance with wage and hour regulations, to maintain physical distancing protocols.
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Display signage at entrances and waiting areas to remind people of physical distancing and face covering usage at every opportunity. Dedicate staff to direct guests to meeting rooms upon entry to office space rather than congregating in lobbies or common areas.
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Discontinue nonessential travel and encourage distance meetings via phone and internet.
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Discontinue shared vehicle trips between employees, contractors, clients, etc. Each party should travel in their own vehicle to offices, properties, or other locations that require in-person activities.
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Require employees to avoid handshakes and similar greetings that break physical distance.
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Avoid passing transaction materials such as pens, paperwork, and keys back and forth between employees and customers.
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Complete real estate transactions with all related parties digitally if feasible. Maintain physical distance when in-person meetings are required with escrow agents, loan officers, mortgage brokers, etc. Meet in spaces that allow for at least six feet of physical distance, such as outside.
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Eliminate person-to-person contact for delivery of goods to physical offices. Avoid touching others’ pens and clipboards.
How does Governor Newsom’s Executive Order N-62-20 affect workers’ compensation insurance?
Governor Newsom’s May 6, 2020 executive order changes the way that COVID-19 worker’s compensation claims presumptively meet the work-related test. Previously, the injured employee had the burden to prove the exposure to COVID-19 arose out of and in the course of their employment. Under this executive order, the burden now shifts to the employer to provide rebuttal evidence proving the exposure was not work related. This presumption is available for employees who tested positive or were diagnosed with COVID-19 within 14 days of performing a labor or service at a place of work after the March 19, 2020 stay-at-home order. This presumption will stay in place for 60 days after the issuance of the executive order.
After the 60-day timeframe, employees can still submit a claim for workers’ compensation for COVID-19, but it would no longer be presumed to have occurred at a workplace. Because this executive order makes it easier for workers to obtain insurance benefits, there will likely be more claims being paid by workers’ compensation insurance in California and an increase in future costs of insurance.
If an employee is exposed to COVID-19 and/or gets sick, can he or she use paid sick days?
California
Yes, if the employee meets certain requirements. Under California law, employees who (1) work for the same employer for at least 30 days within a year, and (2) satisfy a 90-day employment period before taking any sick leave are entitled to take at least 3 days of paid sick leave. Several California cities (including Los Angeles, Santa Monica, Berkeley, Emeryville, Oakland, San Diego, and San Francisco) provide for more expansive sick leave. Note that an employee does not need to actually be diagnosed with coronavirus to take paid sick days – for example, an employee can use sick days for preventative care that may include self-quarantine after possible exposure. More information about paid sick leave under California state law can be found here: https://www.dir.ca.gov/dlse/paid_sick_leave.htm.
Federal
Under the FFCRA, employers with less than 500 employees must provide employees with two weeks of paid sick leave if the employee is unable to work (or work remotely) because the employee is subject to a quarantine order or has been advised by a health care professional to self-quarantine; the employee is experiencing symptoms of COVID-19; the employee is caring for an individual who is subject to quarantine; or if the employee is caring for a child whose school or childcare providers are closed. Employers subject to this provision of the FFCRA will receive tax credits to offset the cost of providing the paid sick leave. Additional details about paid sick leave and the FFCRA are found here: https://www.carcovidupdates.org/guidance-for-employers